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模拟诊断题(一)
(时间:90分钟 助力能力:100分)
Ⅰ.情景交际(共5小题;每小题2分,助力能力10分)
阅读下列简短对话,从A,B,C和D中选出较好答案,将对话补全。
1.—Have you been wasting time on computer games again?
—________.I've been studying a lot and I need a break.
A.No way B.Not really
C.I don't agree D.I couldn't agree more
解析:根据下一句“我一直在学习,我需要休息一下。”可知,此处应是“我没有浪费时间玩游戏。”Not really.意思是“事实上不是、没有”,符合此处语境。No way.意思是“没门”; I don't agree.意思是“我不同意”,表示拒少有方的提议;I couldn't agree more.意思是“我非常同意”,与所提供的情景矛盾。
答案:B
2.—Are you all right?
—________.
A.That's OK B.I think so
C.Take it easy D.It's very kind of you
解析:本题考查的是交际用语中so指代一个肯定的宾语从句的用法,在这里so指代I'm all right。本句的意思是:——你好吗?——我想是这样(我想我的身体还不错)。
答案:B
3.—I have some big news for you.You've been accepted as a member of our club.
—________ That's great!
A.Have I ? B.Pardon?
C.Congratulations! D.Good idea!
解析:选项“Have I?”是“Have I been accepted as a member of your club?”的省略。在有清晰的上下文的情况下,口语中尽量使用简洁的表达。选项“Pardon?”用于请求别人重复说过的话;“Congratulations!”用于祝贺别人取得的成绩;选项“Good idea!”用于对别人的建议
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it的用法
it的概念:
it可用作人称代词、指示代词、先行词及引导词等。
it 的用法:
1、it可指天气、温度、时间、距离等 。
如:It is cold today, isn't it?
2、用作人称代词,代替前文提到过的事物。
如:The dog is not acold-blooded animals. It doesn't need to hibernate.
3、为避免重复,it可用来代替前面说过的短语或句子。
如:I tried to persuade my father to give up smoking, but found it impossible. (it=to persuade my father to give up smoking)
4、代替指示代词this,that。
如:—What's this?
—It's an album.
—Whose new bike is that?
—It's Mary's.
注:it与one,that的区别:
it=the(this, that)+名词,特指并且代替前面所提到的某特定事物。
如:He's bought a new car, so he drives it everywhere to show ito ff.
one=a+名词,one指前面提到的同类事物中的不同的另一个。
如:He needs a computer, but he can't afford one.
that=the+名词,that指代的名词与前面的名词属于同一类,但不属同一个。
如:The population of China is larger than that of Japan. that指代population,但其后有一个of短语作定语,以区别于the population of China。
注:it与that的异同:
it指同一事物,that指同类但并不是同一事物。
如:I like the climate of Kunming more than that of Beijing.
The climate of Kunming is mild, and I like it.
5、It/This/That+be+the first(second, third...) time+that-clause 这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种经历,关键是注意time前有序数词,主句是一般现在时is时,从句要用现在完成时;如果主句用一般过去时was时,则从句须相应地用过去完成时。
如:This is the first time(that) these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.
It was the fifth time(that) I had paid a friendly visit to America.
6、在一些相对固定的词组中,没有特殊含义,经常不翻译。
如:He's never really made it as an actor. 作为演员,他从未获得过真正的成功。
It is my turn. 轮到我了。
强调句中的it:
可以用来改变句子结构,使句子的某一成分得到强调:
1)强调句的基本句型it's/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分
原句:I told Jim the news in our office yesterday.
强调主语:It was I that/who told Jim the news in our office yesterday.
强调宾语:It was Jim that I told the news in our office yesterday.
或:It was the news that I told Jim in our office yesterday.
强调地点状语:It was in our office that I told Jim the news yesterday.
强调时间状语:It was yesterday that I told Jim the news in our office.
2)强调句的一般疑问句型Is/Was+it+所强调部分+that/who...?
如:Was it you that told Jim the news in your office yesterday?
3)强调句的特殊疑问句型疑问词+is/was+it+that/who...?
如:Who was it that told Jim the news in your office yesterday?
【注】强调句与主语从句虽然在形式上很相似,即都含有it is(was)...that。但,区别在于:强调句去掉it is(was)…that之后,句子结构仍然完整,而主语从句却不能这样。
如:(It is)our hope(that) the two sides will work towards peace.
解析:去掉It is…that之后,句子是不成立的。由此得出该句不是强调句,而是一个简单的主语从句,it是形式主语,从句是真正的主语。
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