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2019北京高三二模诊断英语动词时态和语态!时态和语态还是有很多考点,大家在诊断之前还是要好好复习的,不仅仅要学习课堂上老师讲的,还要买点课外书自己学习,下面看看小编为大家准备较新的2019北京高三二模诊断英语动词时态和语态内容,希望对大家的进步有所帮助。
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2019北京高三二模诊断英语动词时态和语态(一)
一般现在时
(1)可表示客观真理、科学事实。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳从东方升起,从西方落下。
(2)可用在由if,unless引导的条件状语从句,由even/if/though引导的让步状语从句,由when,before,until/till,as soon as,the moment引导的时间状语从句,由no matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever,whoever等引导的让步状语从句中,这时主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。
I’ll go with you as soon as I finish it.
我一做完,就与你一同去。
Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.
无论你说什么,我都不会改变主意。
一般过去时
表示“刚才,在过去”之意,暗示现在已“不再这样”。
—Your phone number again?I didn’t quite catch it.
——再重述一下你的电话号码好吗?我没记下来。
—It’s 9568686.
——是9568686。
一般将来时
(1)“will+动词原形”表示事物的固有属性与必然趋势。
Fish will die without water.离开水,鱼就会死。
(2)“be going to+动词原形”可表示根据迹象对未来进行推断。
Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.
看那乌云,要下雨了。
(3)“be about to+动词原形”表示立即的将来,很少与时间状语连用。
The train is about to start.火车就要开了。
(4)位移动词如come,go,arrive等,其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事,现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。
I arrive in Beijing at 3∶00 p.m.tomorrow.
明天下午三点我会到达北京。
He is coming.他将要来。
They are leaving for Tibet.他们将要去西藏。
(5)be to +动词原形
①表示计划,安排。
When are you to leave for New York?
你计划什么时候去纽约?
②表示指令,相当于should。
You are to report it to the police.
你应该把这事报告给警察。
③表示“打算,想要”。
If we are to be there before ten,we’ll have to go now.
若我们想在十点前到,我们现在就得走。
现在/过去进行时
(1)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。
I first met Lisa three years ago,she was working at a sho p then.
我先进次遇见莉莎是在3年前,那时她正在一家商店工作。
—Hey,look where you are going!
——嘿,看看你往哪儿走!
—Oh,I’m terribly sorry.I wasn’t noticing.
——噢!非常抱歉!我没注意。
(2)表示反复出现的或习惯性动作,往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情感,常与always,continually,constantly连用。
He is always thinking of others first.(表赞赏)
他总是先为别人着想。
He is always making the same mistake. (表厌烦)
他总是犯同样的错误。
(3)表示动作的未完性、暂时性。
I don’t really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作,我只是在帮忙, 新秘书来了我就走。 (暂时性)
Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.选手机供个人使用不是一件容易事因为技术变化太快。 (“变化”尚未完成)
(4)表示按计划、安排要做的事。
I’ve won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.
我获得了一次去佛罗里达度两天假的机会。我计划带着我妈妈去。 (计划)
(5)表示现在或当时发展中的或正在进行的情况。
—Is this raincoat yours?——这是你的雨衣吗?
—No,mine is hanging there behind the door.
——不是,我的在门后挂着呢。
2019北京高三二模诊断英语动词时态和语态(二)
现在完成时
(1)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.
除非我亲眼看到,我是不会相信你的。
Please don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
车未停,请不要下车。
(2)It/This is/will be the first(last,second,third...)time that...和It/This is the best(worst,most interesting)+n.+that...结构的从句要求用现在完成时。
This is the first time that I’ve heard her sing.
这是我先进次听她唱歌。
It’s the best film I’ve ever seen.
这是我所看过的较好的一部电影。
过去完成时
(1)Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had...done...when;No sooner had...done...than...中从句用一般过去时。
Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down.
我刚到家,天就下起了倾盆大雨。
No sooner had we started than th e car got a flat tyre.
我们刚出发,轮胎就爆了。
(2)表示愿望、打算类的词,如hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think等,用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。
I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.
我本打算帮助你,但当时我太忙了。
现在完成进行时
(1)表示一个从过去某时开始发生,一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。
I’ve been waiting for an hour but she still hasn’t come.
我已等了一个小时,但她还没有来。
(2)表示动作刚刚结束 (有时指出结果)。
My clothes are wet.I’ve been walking in the rain.
我的衣服湿了,我一直走在雨中。
(3)表示重复 (指断断续续,而非一直不停)。
She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks.
两个星期以来她每天晚上都给吉姆打电话。
2019北京高三二模诊断英语动词时态和语态(三)
1、一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语; 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.
She has a brother who lives in New York.
The earth goes around the sun.
Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:时间:when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件:if, unless, provided.
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
考点三:在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter +宾语从句, 从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作, 我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
考点四:在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
2、现在进行时
表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。
We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
考点一:在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Look out when you are crossing the street.
Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.
考点二: 表示在较近按计划或安排要进行的动作(这时多有表示将来的时间状语)。
Marry is leaving on Friday.
3、现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语:
考点一:for + 时间段;since + 时间点
They have lived in Beijing for five years.
They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
I have learned English for ten years.
考点二:常见的不确定的时间状语:lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet ?
考点三:在表示“较近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中,谓语动词用现在完成时。
in the past few years/months/weeks/days;over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考点四:表示“第几次做某事,”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 +that” 后面跟现在完成时。
This is my first time that I have visited China.
This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
That is the only book that he has written.
4.一般过去时
表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用,如:yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意:
考点一:used to + do,表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式,后接动词原形。
be/become/get used to + doing,表示习惯于
He used to smoke a lot.
He has got used to getting up early.
考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,代替过去将来时。
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise
5. 过去进行时
表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。
The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.
He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.
What were you doing at nine last night?
The radio was being repaired when you called me.
6. 过去完成时
表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”,句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语,这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till )
There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.
By the end of last term we had finished the book.
They finished earlier than we had expected.
考点一:用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.
I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.
No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. (注意主谓倒装)
考点二:表示“第几次做某事”,主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。
That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.
It was 3 years since we had parted。
考点三:动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时,表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。
I had hoped that I could do the job.
I had intended to see you but I was too busy.
7. 一般将来时
表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用,其表现形式多达5种。Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.
考点一:一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中:We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.
(主句用一般将来时,从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。)
考点二:某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等,用现在进行时形式表示将来。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
考点三:“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”,这种结构中and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。Use your head and you will find a way.
考点四:“am (is, are) going to + 动词原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。
“am (is, are) about to +动词原形”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。
“am (is, are) to + 动词原形”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。They are to be married in this May.
8、将来进行时
表将来某个时间正在发生的动作,或按计划一定会发生的事情。
I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写功课。
The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.
9、将来完成时
表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情,时间状语非常明显。
考点一:常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如:by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。
By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.
By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.
By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.
考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。
The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.
10. 动词的语态
一般用于强调受者, 做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考,而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考,只是需要注意以下考点。
考点一:不能用于被动语态的动词和词组
come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed
It took place before liberation.
考点二:下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用。
lock ( 锁 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 卖 ); read ( 读 ); wear ( 穿 ); blame (责备);ride (乘坐); write ( 写 );
Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。
The car rides smoothly. 这车走起来很稳。
The case locks easily. 这箱子很好锁。
The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。
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