2019北京高三二模考试英语过去完成时

　　2019北京高三二模诊断英语过去完成时!过去完成时(The Past Perfect Tense)：表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果，用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件，下面看看小编为大家准备较新的2019北京高三二模诊断英语过去完成时内容，希望对大家的进步有所帮助。

 

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　　2019北京高三二模诊断英语过去完成时(一)

　　过去完成时与already，ever，just，never，“since+时间点”，“for+时间段”等连用时，强调事件发生的先后顺序，不涉及现在的情况。现在完成时强调的是“过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响”。如：

　　She has worked in Chongqing for over two years.她已经在重庆工作两年多了。(现在仍在那儿工作)

　　She had worked in Chongqing for over two years before she moved to Shanghai.她在搬到上海之前已经在重庆工作两年多了。(“搬到上海”是过去，“在重庆工作”发生在过去的过去)

　　He has never seen such an interesting film before.他以前从未看过这么有趣的电影。(“看”尽管发生在过去，但涉及现在，即现在已经知道或了解了这部电影)

　　He said he had never seen such an interesting film before.他说他以前从没看过这么有趣的电影。(“他说”发生在过去，“看过”是在“说”之前，是过去的过去)

　　2019北京高三二模诊断英语过去完成时(二)

　　I (or You，He，John，They，Those men) had been studying.

　　过去完成进行时与过去完成时的用法很相近，它通常表示一个持续到过去某时的动作：

　　He had been waiting for two weeks. He was still waiting.(有一个表示一段时间的状语)

　　Up to that time he had been translating those books.(He was still translating at “that time”.)

　　He had been writing the letter till two o'clock.

　　He was now thirty years old.He had been gambling since he was ten.(He was still gambling at thirty.)

　　He had been standing there in the sun.(没有时间状语)

　　He had been thinking about his marriage.

　　不过这个时态并不一定表示这个过去动作将持续下去：

　　He came back at seven.He had been waiting for her two hours.(At seven he did not wait any more.)

　　He stopped swimming.He had been swimming for the last three hours.

　　另一方面，这个时态也和现在完成进行时一样，也可有一些特别的含义：

　　1)尚未完成：

　　He had been writing the novel.(He had not finished it yet.)

　　2)企图：

　　He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.(He was trying to study it.)

　　3)未得结果：

　　We had been studying what our enemy had said.(But we were not able to understand it.)

　　4)较近情况：

　　He had been quarrelling with his wife.(lately)

　　5)反复动作：

　　He had been asking me the same question.(Many times)

　　6)情绪：

　　What had he been doing?(不耐烦)

　　这个时态很少用在否定句中，而多以过去完成时代替：

　　He had not practised English for many years.(普通说法)

　　He had not been practising English for many years.(少见)

　　这个时态还可用在said，supposed等引起的间接引语中，代替现在完成进行时：

　　He said，“I have been speaking to John.”= He said that he had been speaking to John.

　　He thought，“She was watching me when I passed.”= He thought that she had been watching him when he had passed.

　　2019北京高三二模诊断英语过去完成时(三)

　　过去完成时表示“过去的过去”发生的动作或存在的状态，因此其对比点是过去的动作或状态(大部分情况下以一般过去时did/was/were结构做比较)。为了同学们掌握方便，现就将其常见句型总结如下：

　　1.“By the end of +名词(短语)，主语 + had done…”

　　例如：By the end of the day, most of the inhabitants had left their homes.(到这一天，大部分居民已离开他们的家园。)

　　2.“主句(had done), before + 过去时间状语 ”

　　例如：They had never seen so many of the locusts before.(他们以前从未见过如此多的蝗虫)

　　I had reached the station before six o'clock.

　　(六点之前我已到达车站。)

　　3. “用在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句，表示动作发生在这些动词之前。”

　　例如：She said that she had never been to Paris.(她说她从未去过巴黎。)

　　4.“By the time + 从句(did/was/were), 主语 + had done…”

　　例如：By the time we arrived, everyone had received medical care.(我们到达时，每个人已接受了医疗护理。)

　　5.“主语 +had done…, before 从句(did/was/were)”

　　例如：Fortunately, the population had left the village before the volcano erupted.(幸运的是，火山喷发前人们已离开了村庄。)

　　6.“主语 +had done…, when 从句(did/was/were)”

　　例如：They had already put the fire out when I returned to the village.(当我返回村子时，人们已将大火扑灭。)

　　7.“主语 + (did/was/were), after 从句(had done)”

　　例如：The earthquake happened in the daytime after people had already left home for work or school.(地震发生在白天，当时人们已离开家去上班或上学。)

　　8.“用在 Hardly(scarcely, barely)…when…, No sooner…than…句型中”

　　例如：Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down. (我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。)

　　No sooner had he left home than it began to rain. (他一离开家天就下起雨来。)

　　9.“用在 It /This/That was the first…time + that 从句 (had done)中”

　　例如：It was the third time that he had made the same mistake. (这是他第三次犯同样的错误了。)

　　10.“用在It was/had been + 一段时间 + since 从句 (had done)中”

　　例如：It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.(十年我们都没这麽高兴了。)

　　11.“hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose, want, think 等动词有时用过去完成时表示一个本来打算做而未做，曾经设想而未实现的事。”

　　例如：They had wanted to help but could not get here in time. (他们本想来帮忙，但未及时赶到。)

　　I had thought that he had died at least twenty years ago. (我原以为他至少死了十年。)

　　I had intended to come over to see you, but was prevented from doing so. (我原打算过来看你，但受阻未成。)

　　12.“用于表示与过去事实相反的if 虚拟条件句中”

　　例如：If she had seen you yesterday, she would have told you the truth. (如果她昨天见过你，她已告诉你事实的真相。)

　　13.“用在 wish 后的宾语从句中，表示与过去事实相反。”

　　例如：I wished that he hadn't made such a mistake. (我希望他从未犯过这样的错误。)

　　以上是我们教材及练题目,高功课中常出现的过去完成时had done 结构基本句型的用法，希望对同学们彻底掌握这一时态有所帮助，我们可以在以后的学习中更加积累和完善。

 

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