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2019北京高三二模诊断英语形容词和副词!高考的时候,词形的转换还是很多的,尤其是填空题类,总是让大家变换之后再填入正确答案,爱智康助力诊断,给大家整理了一些。下面看看小编为大家准备较新的2019北京高三二模诊断英语形容词和副词内容,希望对大家的进步有所帮助。
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2019北京高三二模诊断英语形容词和副词(一)
一、一词多义、一义多词和同义、近义词辨析
任何一种语言都有“一词多义”的现象,英语也不例外。其中,形容词和副词的一词多义更是丰富多彩。
例一:Mary kept weighing herself to see how much ______she was getting.
A.heavier B.heavy
C.the heavier D.the heaviest
答案A。Mary一直称体重看(比前一次)重多少,题干中暗含比较,much修饰比较级。这里的heavy是我们较常见的“重”的概念。
例二:That his only son was killed in car accident was a ________ blow to the old man.
A. heavy B. broad
C. plain D. main
答案A。老人的儿子在车祸中丧生对他来说是沉重的打击。这里的heavy是“强烈的”“沉重的”意思。
例三:Mr. Smith used to smoke ________but he has given it up.
A.seriously B.heavily
C.badly D.hardly
答案B。Mr. Smith以前烟抽得很凶,但现在已经戒掉了。这里的heavy指的是量大,次数频繁。
从上面三个例子不难看出,同一个形容词和副词,在不同的语境中,会有其不同的词义。这里,heavy一词,我们只提到了三个词义,当然在a heavy heart、heavy food、something not too heavy to read、a heavy winter coat等短语中还分别有 “沉郁的”“腻人的”“乏味的”“厚实的”等词义。
与形容词和副词一词多义相伴,在选择修饰语时,某一个中文词的意思,对应到英文,是不是就是我们想象的那个词呢?
例如,汉语的“大”一字,用在“大雨”“大风”“大树”“大声”“大山”“大胜”等词语中,在英语里,能简单地用一个big(大)而一概而论吗?不行!要根据搭配,分别使用不同的形容词,即“a heavy rain” “a strong wind”“a tall tree”“in a loud voice”“a high mountain”“a big win”等。
在形容词和副词考查中,有时会碰到同义、近义词的辨用。辨用时,单从汉语意思上有时是无法辨清的。我们要逆向思维,采用反义对比、分析构词等方法,使词的语义一目了然。
例一:请回答下面这一组题
1.When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.
A. average B. ordinary
C. regular D. normal
2. Letterboxes are much more _____in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.
A. common B. normal
C. ordinary D. usual
3. It’s in the _____ interest that we should have a well-run health service.
A. ordinary B. usual
C. particular D. general
4. Now, in our country free medical treatment covers sickness of mind as well as___ sickness.
A.normal B.average
C.regular D.ordinary
答案D A D D。这组题目主要涉及ordinary,usual,common,normal等词语的辨用,而这几个词语的中文意义十分相近,甚至英文也是在相互释义,如common:usual and ordinary; happening or found often and in many places。
要辨清这几个词的用法,我们不妨来个逆向思维,从它们的反义词上去找些“蛛丝马迹”:ordinary—special (特殊);general—specific,particular (具体的,个体的);common—rare (少见);normal—abnormal (不正常,对应标准和尺度)。从反义词的角度,把同义、近义词做一比对,它们的区别便一目了然。另外,使用这些同义、近义词,再生成一些搭配,也可以帮助我们进一步辨用词语。如:a common experience,a usual practice;in ordinary dress,general knowledge等。
2019北京高三二模诊断英语形容词和副词(二)
关于形容词与副词这一考点,主要考查以下几个方面:
1.考查形容词和副词的基本用法
形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语,而副词在句中主要作状语。
2.考查形容词作定语的后置规律
形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但下列三种情况形容词要后置:①形容词短语作定语时;②表语形容词作定语时;③修饰复合不定代词时。
3.考查多个形容词作定语的排序
多个形容词修饰名词时,其排序规律是:(限定词+程度副词+) 描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。
4.考查副词在句中的位置规律
副词修饰形容词或其它副词时,一般位于被修饰词的前面,但enough却要放在被修饰的形容词或副词的后面。
5.考查–ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别
-ed形容词,通常说明人,意为“(某人)感到……”;-ing形容词通常说明事物,意为“(某事物)令人……”或“令人……的(事物)”。
6.考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异
即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别。
7.考查形容词和副词的比较等级。
8.考查比较等级的修饰语。
考点1: 在具体的语境中辨析形容词与副词的语义
从复现的频率来看,此点是高考对形容词、副词考查的先进大热点。解答此类题关键是要分析具体的语境,结合基本词义、搭配等来选择正确的答案。
经过统计,常见常考的形容词和副词有(按频度排列):even; interested; interesting; yet; hardly; just; therefore; though; too; very; common; effective; either; ever; fair; however; less; more; nearly; only; purposefully; rather; still; such; surprised; surprising
还有以下形容词和副词应当熟悉和掌握: a good many; a number of; acceptable; accidentally; actively; adequately; already; another; anxious; anyway; ashamed; attentively; bad; badly; besides; better; but; careful; changeable; cheap; comfortable; convenient; eagerly; easy; encouraging; enha-ncing; equal; even though; eventually; fairly; far; fewer; following; formally; friendly; gen-erously; gradually; heavily; historic; hopefully; immediately; inaccessible; individual; inevit-able; initial; instead; invisible; largely; never; next; no; normal; nowadays; obviously; ordin-ary; other; otherwise; patient; plenty of; prac-tical; promoting; proper; quickly; readily; reasonable; remote; seldom; seriously; short; so; stimulating; traditional; unavailable; unav-oidable; unfavorable; unfortunately; usual; va-rious; weak; well
2019北京高三二模诊断英语形容词和副词(三)
考点2:考查形容词、副词的比较级、更高级及前面的修饰语
【准备清单】
1) 比较级、更高级的选用及应用范围
比较级、更高级常用于表示两者或多者间的比较。复习中须注意如下句型的用法:
① as + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“和……一样”及not as / so + 原级adj. / adv. + as表示“不如……”。例如:
(94全国) John plays football as well as, if not better than, David.
The piano in the other shop will be cheaper, but not as good.
② as + 原级adj. + a(n) + n. + as表示“跟……一样”。例如:
(2001全国) It’s generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
(2003北京) Our neighbour has as big a house as ours.
③ 比较级 + than表“比……更”及less ... than表示“不如……”。例如:
This year they have produced less grain than they did last year.
This road is wider than that one.
④ the + 比较级, the + 比较级表示“越……,就越……”。例如:
(93上海) It’s believed that the harder you work, the better result you’ll get.
⑤ the +比较级+ of the + 名词 / 代词表示两者中“较……的”。例如:
Who is the younger of the two boys?
⑥比较级 + 比较级(越来越……)。___ 例如:
Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
Things became worse and worse from then on.
⑦用the last表示“较不可能的”、“较不适合的”、“较不希望的”等。例如:
The last thing I want to do is to offend you.我较不愿意做的就是惹你生气。
He is the last man I want to see.他是我较不希望见的人。
2) 形容词、副词原级、比较级、更高级前的程度状语
① 注意一些形容词或副词前的特定修饰语。例如:
(2004广东) Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasn’t always that much to do. (那样多)
I quite like it. They are quite different / wrong.
quite possible / impossible
My hometown is much changed.
much to my surprise(很让我吃惊)
be well worth doing (很值得做)
② 比较级前常可用still, even, much, far, a lot / little / few / bit, rather, any, a great deal, so far, by far, no等词修饰。(注意more不用于修饰比较级)。例如:
(94全国) If there were no examinations, we should have a much happier time.
(2000上海) You’re standing too near the cinema. Can you move a bit farther?
This is by far the better.
③ 更高级可用序数词、much、 by far、 nearly、 almost等词修饰。例如:
Africa is the second largest continent.
The Pacific is by far the largest ocean.
I like this film the very best / much the best.
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