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2019年北京石景山区高三一模复习英语知识点

2019-02-27 18:52:13 来源:佚名
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  2019年北京石景山区高三一模复习英语知识点!学习英语是很有用处的,不能为了高考而学习英语,当然英语诊断能力也不能差,这就需要用较多的时间记忆更多的东西,爱智康助力高考给大家整理了一些,下面是2019年北京石景山区高三一模复习英语知识点!同学们,加油啊!

 

 

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  2019年北京石景山区高三一模复习英语知识点(一)


  "使令"动词的分词形容词


  有一类动词含使令意味,译成"使……",常见的有interest, excite, frighten, surprise, amuse, tire等。这类动词大多可以构成-ed和-ing结尾的分词形容词。-ing分词表示被修饰词本身的性质、特征,意为"令人……的",而-ed分词表示被修饰词对外界事物的体验、感受,意为"感到……的"。例如:


  1. Though surprised to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.


  surprised 修饰the professor,意为"感到吃惊",在句中作状语。


  2. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues amused with her stories.


  amused修饰her colleagues,意为"感到很高兴",在句中作宾补。


  3. Mr. Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a novel.


  tired 修饰Mr. Smith,意为"感到厌倦",在句中作状语;boring修饰speech,意为"令人乏味的",在句中作定语。


  四、常用的系表结构:"be/get +P.P"


  还有一类动词常接人或一个反身代词作宾语,使用时常用被动式,有人将这类动词的过去分词看作是形容词,而把这种结构(be/get +P.P)称为系表结构。常见的有:be/get seated/located/lost/ hurt/dressed/ settled/ married/ engaged, etc. 这种结构在句中作定语、状语或补语时,一律用过去分词。例如:


  1. Even the best writers find themselves lost for words.


  be lost "迷茫的",在句中作宾补,用lost即可。


  2. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain seated until the plane has come to a complete stop.


  be seated意为" 坐;坐着",在句中作表语,用seated即可。


  3.Tired and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.


  be tired意为" 感到很累", 在句中作状语,用tired即可。


  4. Faced with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.


  be faced with意为" 面临;面对", 在句中作状语,用faced即可。


  实战演练:用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。


  1. _______nearly all our money , we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel . (spend)


  2. When we saw the road _______ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. (block)


  3. The sunlight is white and blinding, _______ hard-edged shadows on the ground. (throw)


  4. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words ______ in daily conversations. (use)


  5. If ______ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once. (ask)


  6. The room is empty except for a bookshelf ______ in one corner.(stand)


  7. The judge gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ______. (worry)


  8. ______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. (not know)


  2019年北京石景山区高三一模复习英语知识点(二)


  冠词与数词


  冠词本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词题型基本分为有三种,一种是定冠词(指定,特指,有限定条件或者范围),另一种是不定冠词(没有指定,不是特指,泛指,一般为同类),还有一种是零冠词(即不使用冠词,常常放在不可数名词中物质名词和抽象名词的前面)。


  2.1 不定冠词的用法


  不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是"一(个)"的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做[en]。 并非是很多同学误解的把an放在a、e、i、o、u五个元音字母前就可以了。


  1 表示"一个",意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。


  e.g. There's a policeman at the door. Pass me an apple, please. A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 有位凌先生在等你


  2初次提起某人或某物,表示"一个"。 There is a bottle on the table. The bottle is empty.


  3表示非特指的任何"一个",代表同类事物中的"一个"。 A camel is bigger than a horse.


  4 代表一类人或物。


  e.g. A knife is a tool for cutting with. 刀是切割的工具。 Mr. Smith is an engineer. 史密斯先生是工程师。


  5用在表示时间、速度和价格等名词前,表示"每一",相当于介词,per的用法。twice a day, 80 km an hour


  6用在序数词前,表示"再一、又一",还没进行过/用过/来过/吃过a second time再一次(言外之意指第二次)


  7组成词组或成语,习惯用不定冠词的短语:


  e.g. a piece of, a cup/glass of, a pair of, a loaf of, a pile of, a kind/type/sort of, a (large) number of, a lot (of), a couple of, a bit/little/few,


  a good/great many, many a / as a rule / as a result (of) / a great deal of, as a matter of fact, in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while(soon after/shortly after) / after a while / a moment later, quite a few/lot


  as a result, catch/have a cold/fever /headache, have a chance; have/take a bath, have/take a break, have/take a breath; have/take a rest, have/take a swim, have a try/go, have a walk, go for a walk, pay a visit to; have a good/great time, have/live/lead a happy life,


  keep an eye on / all of a sudden / do sb a favour(favor),


  Everything comes with ________ price; there is no such ________ thing as free lunch in the world.


  A. a, a


  B. the, /


  C. the, a


  D. a, /


  8用在某些物质名词和抽象名词(不可数名词)前 ,即不可数名词可数化


  e.g. a gentle wind一阵微风,a heavy rain一场大雨,be a big success很成功


  It's _____ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.


  A. 不填, a


  B. a, 不填


  C. the, a


  D. a, the


  First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get __ second chance to make __ first impression.


  A. a; the


  B. the; the


  C. a; a


  D. the; a


  The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that____ people from all walks of life are working hard for___ new Jiangsu.


  A.不填; a


  B. 不填;the


  C. the; a


  D. the; the


  2019年北京石景山区高三一模复习英语知识点(三)


  We can never expect _______ bluer sky unless we create _________ less polluted world.


  A. a; a


  B. a; the


  C. the; a


  D. the; the


  In order to find _______ better job, he decided to study _________ second foreign language.


  A. the; a


  B. a; a


  C. the; the


  D. a; the


  Washing machines made by China have won ________ worldwide attention and Haier has become _______ popular name.


  A. a; the


  B. /; a


  C. /; the


  D. the; a


  What I need is ________ book that contains ______ ABC of oil painting.


  A. a; 不填


  B. the; 不填


  C. the; an


  D. a; the


  2.2 定冠词的用法


  1定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有"那(这)个"的意思,但意义较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西,意思是这个,那个,这些,那些。Do you like the books?


  2特指双方都明白的人或物。双方都知道的人或物。


  e.g. Would you mind my opening the window? Look. Here comes the bus.  Take the medicine. 把药吃了。


  3上文前面提到的人、物或与其有关的事物。I got a letter just now. The letter was sent by e-mail.


  e.g. He bought a house. I've been to the house. 他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。


  4世上少有的事物及自然现象。The moon moves around the earth. the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth等。


  5与单数名词连用表示一类事物或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:


  e.g. the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸;the rich 富人; the living 生者。与复数名词连用,指整个群体。


  6用在序数词和形容词更高级,及形容词only,very,same等前面


  e.g.序数词前。June is the sixth month of the year.


  Where do you live? I live on the second floor.  你住在哪?我住在二层。


  形容词、副词更高级前(副词前常省略the)the best season of the year, work (the) hardest


  That's the very thing I've been looking for.  那正是我要找的东西。


  7表年代、朝代、时代的名词前。e.g.  at the age of … in the age in the 1990(')s in one's sixties in the 21st century


  8表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前。


  e.g. She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。 He hit me on the head= He hit my head.


  They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师) They are teachers of this school.  (指部分教师)


  9用在某些由普通名词构成的国家完整名称、报纸、书、机关团体、阶级名称等专有名词前。


  e.g. the People's Republic of China  中华人民共和国 the United States  美国 the Times泰晤士报


  10在表示乐器的名词之前。


  e.g. She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。play the piano弹钢琴, learn the guitar学吉他


  11用在姓氏的复数名词之前,指全家人或全家人中的一些人


  e.g.夫妇俩等。the Blacks, the Zhangs, the Greens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)


  12用在惯用语中。


  例如:in the day


  in the morning (afternoon,evening)


  the day after tomorrow


  the day before yesterday


  the next morning


  in the sky (water,field,country)


  in the dark


  in the middle (of)


  in the end


  at the beginning/end of


  by the way


  go to the theatre


  ⑴all over the country/world ⑵at the age of


  ⑶at the beginning/end of ⑷at the moment ⑸at the top of one's voice高声


  ⑹by the way, in the distance在远处 ⑺in the east of


  ⑻in the end ⑼in the middle of ⑽in the morning/afternoon/evening


  ⑾on the air(用无线电)播送 ⑿on the left/right ⒀on the phone


  ⒁on the radio通过无线电 ⒂on the spot当场;到场At the scene 现场


  ⒃on the watch戒备;注意 ⒄on the way to ⒅on the whole总的来说


  ⒆on the one hand…on the other hand…一方面…;另一方面…


  ㈤定冠词the的基本用法


  13定冠词的位置:放在exactly, just, half, double, twice, all, both等词之后。


  I ate _______ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.


  A. the; a


  B. the; the


  C. a; the


  D. a; a

 

 

 

 

 

 

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