北京
单元测试卷丨学科知识同步丨期中期末卷等
高考考前语法填空和短文改错易错点查漏补缺现在离2019年高考越来越近了。英语知识点复习的怎么样了？英语诊断万变不离其宗，同学们掌握好知识点，掌握好一些解题方法，诊断就能取得好成绩。下面爱智康高中部老师给大家整理了高考考前语法填空和短文改错易错点查漏补缺希望对同学们有帮助！
高考考前语法填空和短文改错易错点查漏补缺
(一)语法填空和短文改错代词易错点查漏补缺
代词
1、作表语常用宾格，在独词句中用宾格。
a.—Who is knocking at the door?——It’s me
b. He is a student in this school. And me, too.
2、it 指无生命的事物、婴儿、以及who、someone等不名身份的人。
eg: a. —Who is outside? —It is me
b. Someone has entered the house. It must be a thief
c. The baby is very lowly. It was born half a year ago.
3、反身代词可用作①宾语②表语(表示“健康”的含义)③同位语(作主语同位语，可以放在主语后面，或后置; 如果作宾语同位语，则放在宾语后面)
eg: a. Mr Black can’t express himself in Chinese. b. I am not quite myself today.
c. She herself opened the door. She opened the door herself.
d. You’d better ask Mr Smith himself about it.
4、指示代词this, that用于电话用语中。
—Who’s that (speaking)?
—It/This is Tom (speaking)?
5、this/that 修饰adj/adv. 表示“这么”“那么”的含义,相当于so 。
a. Oh, the girl is not that foolish. b. I can only promise you this much.
c. We didn’t expect that the weather in Tongren was that hot.
6、it、that、those、one、the ones的指代区别。
1)it指上文提到的同一事物或整句话的内容。
a. “Do you want the watch?”“Yes , I want it.”
b. He warned his son not to play computer games again, but it didn’t help.
2)that常用来指代同名异物的不可数名词
a. The population of China is much larger than that of any other country in the world.
b. The weather in Kaili is much better than that in shanghai.
3)those或the ones 用来指代上文提到的复数名词。
a. Watches made in China are just as good as those/ the ones made in Switzerland.
b. The books are better than those you bought yesterday.
4) one指代同名异物的某个单数名词，如果特指就用the one.
a. I want to buy a Mp3. Do you need one?
b. Here are enough apples . Each of you can get one.
c. I don’t like this dictionary. I prefer the one on the shelf.
7、both、either、neither的用法
a. Both of them are right (主语)
Both the brothers/ Both of the brothers are at college.(定语)
b. Neither of the answers is / are correct.(主语)
Neither seat is taken .(定语)
c. You can take either of the dictionaries.(宾语)
Flowers are planted on either side of the street.(定语)
8、none、all 的用法
a. All has been done.(作主语，表示“所有事”谓动用单数)
All are present . (作主语，表示“所有人”谓动用复数)
b. None of the girls in our class like/likes football.
注意：在回答what/who 问句时，用nothing/nobody;而在回答how many/How much……问句时用none.
Who is in the classroom? Nobody. What is in your hand? Nothing.
How much money do you have? None.
9、every、each的使用
1)every只能修饰名词，而each既可修饰名词，也可作名词使用。
eg: every day、each classroom、each of the student
2)在单独作主语、同位语、宾语时只用each.
a. Here are enough glasses. Each of you can get one.
b. We each should listen to the teachers carefully.
3)every能表达“每隔”的含义，而each则不能。
every three days 每3天、每隔2天 every few years每隔几年
every other day /week/line每隔1天/1周/1行
4)every与one连用，可用of修饰( 要分开写)。
every one of us 我们中的每一人 each of us我们中的每一人
every one of the books 这些书中的每1本
each of the books这些书中的每1本
10、some与any
1)表示“一些”含义时，some用于肯定句中，any用于否定、疑问、条件句中，都可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词。
a. I have some questions to ask you.
b. Do you have any trouble in learning English? If any, do ask me for help.
注意：1)some表示“一些”时，可用于“征求意见”“提出建议”的疑问句中。
a.—Would you like to have some ice cream?
—No.
—How about some water?
—Yes, please.
2)some后接单数可数名词时表示“某一”的含义。相当于“a certain.”
some day 将来某一天 some kind of animals某一种动物
3)some 可以和数词连用，表示“大约”的含义。
The story took place some forty years ago.
4)any如果表示“任何”含义时，可以用于肯定句中。
Here are three novels. You may read any.
11、one……the other、another、other+复数名词、others、the other+复数名词、the others
1)当前提只有两个时，表达“一个，另一个”用one……the other，此时the other作名词用。
I have bought two books. One is a dictionary, the other is a story book.
2)当前提有3个或以上时，表达“另一个”用another或“a(n)+序数词( 序数词的选择要根据语境来)”表示。
Please show me another book.
I have stayed in Kaili for a week, but I still want to stay here for a second week.
注意：如果是“一段时间”或“一笔钱”时，可以用another。此时虽然是复数的形式，但它是单数含义。
a. We need another three days to finish the work.可以替换为：three more days three other days
b. Sorry, your money is not enough. You need to pay another 10 dollars
10 more dollars
10 other dollars
3)other(adj)+复数名词或others(n)表示除去一部分外剩余的某一部分，前面常有特征词some.
a. Some people are against you, but others/other people may agree with you.
b. I don’t like this shirt. Have you got any others?
4)the other(adj)+复数名词或the others(n)表示除去一部分外剩余的全部，一般都要有一定的范围。
There are 70 students in the class. Some are from the USA and the others/ the other students / the rest are from China.
12、little、a little、few、a few的使用
1)little“几乎没有”修饰不可数名词 There is little water in the desert
2)few“几乎没有”修饰可数名词的复数形式。Few people like him.
3)a little“一点，一些”，修饰不可数名词。 There is still a little soup in the bowl.
4)a few“一些，几个”修饰可数名词的复数形式，相当于some、several, a couple of
I bought a few books yesterday
13、many与 much的使用
1)much+不可数名词 much water/ information/ pleasure…etc
2)many+复数名词 = a good /great many+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
然而： many a(n)+单数可数名词，如many a student, 作主语，谓动用第三单形式。
14、疑问代词
What、which、who、whom、whose、how many/much、how soon、how often、how long、etc、
(1)、在句中作主语、宾语(含介词宾语)、表语且指sth.用what, 另外：表示“是。。。什么样子”也用what.
a. —What’s your name?—My name is Peter. b. —What is on your desk?
c. What’s the weather like today?
d. What does your father look like?
e. My hometown is not what it used to be 10 years ago.
(2)、在句中指人且作主语，用who;如果指人作宾语，可以用who/whom
a. Who’s in charge of your class?
b. Who/Whom did you meet yesterday?
(3)、指人且在句中作定语，用whose。注意相应的名词要紧跟whose。
a. Whose father is a teacher?
b. Whose bike did you lose yesterday?
(4)、当表示“哪一个/ 哪一些”含义时用which，相应的名词也要紧随其后
a. Which dictionary do you like?
b. Which students will be chosen to be volunteers?
(5)、提问数目时用how many(much)，可数名词用how many，不可数名词用how much。注意相应的名词也要紧随其后，如果问的是“钱”或“某种程度”时,how much后常不接名词。
a. How many people are there in your class?
b. How much vegetable did you buy this morning?
c. How much did you spend on the house?
d. How much do you like the dictionary?
(6)、在将来时中表示在一段时间后“用介词in+时间”， 含义为：....之后。提问则用how soon(多久以后).
The road will be completed in two years.
How soon will the road be completed?
(7)、how often用来提问频率。
He went back home twice a month last year.
How often did he go home last year?
(8)、how long 用来提问“for+一段时间”通常指(1)到目前为止，且在现在完成时中。(2) 将要做某事长达一段时间。
They have been married for five years.→ How long have they been married?
I will stay in my college for 4 years. → How long will you stay in your college?
15、全部否定与部分否定
1)both/every/all与not连用表示部分否定。
Not every student is from the UK=Every student is not from the UK.
Both of them are not from Guiyang.= Not both of them are from Guiyang.
Not all of us study hard.= All of us don’t study hard.
2)either……not、any……not、neither、none、nobody、nothing、each……not都表示全部否定。
a. Either of the two brothers is not a student.=Neither of the two brothers is a student.
b. Any of them doesn’t like to dance. None of them likes/like to dance.
c. Nobody is absent.
d. Nothing does good to you. e. Each of the students doesn’t want to go with you.
(二)高考考前语法填空和短文改错形容词和副词易错点查漏补缺
形容词副词查漏补缺
一、形容词副词的比较级和更高级
1.形容词、副词的比较级和更高级，在重读闭音节(即：辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,更高级加-est;
如：big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest
sad→sadder→saddest mad→madder →maddest wet→wetter→wettest
2. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，加er，如：
easy-easier、happy-happier、funny-funnier、early-earlier、busy-busier、
dirty-dirtier(更脏)、heavy-heavier(更重)、healthy-healthier;friendly-friendlier
angry ugly,
但是：shy-shyer.
以元音字母+y结尾时，y不变，直接加er或est。如grey----greyer
3.、不规则变化
good/well—— better —— best
bad/badly/ill—— worse —— worst
many/much—— more ——— most
old —— older/elder—— oldest/eldest
little —— less —— least
far —— farther/further—— farthest/furthest
2、单音节不规则变化
tired —— more tired—— most tired
fond —— more fond—— most fond
glad —— more glad—— most glad
bored —— more bored—— most bored
pleased —— more pleased—— most pleased
3、两种变化(少数几个双音节词以及以er或le结尾的词，可以有两种比较级和更高级)
simple----simpler common
cruel —— crueler —— cruelest/more cruel—— most cruel
strict —— stricter —— strictest/more strict—— most strict
often —— oftener —— oftenest/more often—— most often
friendly —— friendlier —— friendliest/more friendly—— most friendly
clever —— cleverer —— cleverest/more clever—— most clever
4、没有比较级
empty wrong perfect unique extreme excellent favourite favorite true right correct extremely possible first final last empty wooden
5、在原级形容词之前加less, least构成的比较级与更高级成为“较低级”与“较低级”形式。
如：kind---less kind---least kind useful---less useful----least useful
二、形容词+ly购成副词的规则
1. 辅音字母+y easy happy, heavy, busy 但是shyly, dryly
2. le结尾去e加y。simple, gentle，但是whole wholly
3. 元音字母+e结尾，true-truly，但duely
4. i，c结尾的加ally, 如basic scientific automatic energetic
5. 以le结尾的形容词
大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。
改错：
(错) She sang lovely.
(错) He spoke to me very friendly.
(对) Her singing was lovely.
(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
friendly友好的---a friendly smile友好的微笑
fatherly像父亲的---a fatherly teacher一位父亲式的教师
lovely可爱的---a lovely girl一位可爱的姑娘
lively活泼的---a lively child一位活泼的小孩
lonely孤独的---a lonely traveller一位孤独的旅客
deadly致命的---a deadly blow致命的一击
silly傻的，无聊的---a silly question愚蠢的问题
orderly秩序的---an orderly mind有条不紊的头脑
manly男子气概的---a manly person具有男子气概的人
daily每日的---daily work日常工作
weekly每星期的---a weekly magazine周刊
yearly每年的---a yearly income年收入daily, monthly, early
smell-smelly adj.发臭的, 有臭味的
sound-soundly 完好地; 健全地; 稳健地; 坚固地; 彻底地; 正确地; 确实地,厉害地,酣畅地berate sb. soundly痛骂某人一顿
英语中部分特殊形式的比较意义和更高级的表达
1.A is senior/junior to B; A比B年龄或级别大(高)/A比B年龄或级别小(低)
如：He is 3 years senior to me. 他比我大三岁。
A is superior / inferior to B A优于/劣于B
如： Beijing is superior to any other city in hosting the Olympic Games.在举办奥运会上，北京比其他任何城市都做得好。
2.A is to B what C is to D. 意为“A对于B就如C对于D。”
如：Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals.
发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。
3.can't be too+adj. = can't be+adj.+enough
无论……都不为过，越……越……。 如：
You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你无论怎么小心都不为过。
4. too…to句型的两个意义
(1)表示否定意义，意为“太……而不能”。
如：This question is too hard for me to understand.
这个问题太难，我理解不了。
(2)表示肯定意义，意为“非常，很，极”。当too后面接easy，ready, eager, inclined, willing, thankful, delighted等形容词时，too表示“很，非常”之意，与very表达“很”的意思相同。当too前有all, but, only等词时，形成only/but/all too…to do结构，仍旧表达“非常，很，极”之意。
如：I'm too glad to hear the news.听到这条消息我非常高兴。
5.与than有关的短语
(1)more…than…是……而不是……;与其说……不如说……。
no more…than…不是……也不是……/与……同样不
not more...than 不如……
如：That little girl is more tired than hungry.
那个小女孩是累了而不是饿了。(与其说那个小女孩饿了，还不如说她累了。)
He is no more deligent than Tom.他和Tom都不勤奋。
He is no more a teacher than a worker.他既不是老师也不是工人。
He is not more deligent than Tom.他不如Tom勤奋。
He is not more a teacher teacher than a worker.与其说他是教师，不如说是工人。
(2)more than 超过，不仅仅是
no more than=only 只不过(言其少)
not more than=at most 不多于，至多(指事实)
She is more than a friend to me, she is my family.
The room is no more than a barn.
(3) less than (数量)不到……，不足……;一点也不
no less than (数量)不少于……,至少
=not less than=at least
(4)less ……than 不如……;比……少;不是……而是……
No less...than=not less than (至少)不比……差，和……一样
He is less a teacher than an expert.
He is more an expert than a teacher.与其说他确实老师，不如说是相关人士。
He is no less active than he used to be.
他和以前一样积极。
例1.I'm afraid you've got the wrong person. I am no more a scientist than a mathematician.
[解析] 此处是no more…than…结构，表示“不是……也不是……”或“与……同样不”之意，故or改为than。句意：恐怕你们搞错了，我既不是什么科学家，也不是什么数学家。
6.The weather is turning ever colder and colder, and people have to make a fire in their homes in advance.
[解析] 此处是 “(ever)+比较级+and+比较级”结构，表示“日益”之意，故cold and cold改为colder and colder。句意：天气变得越来越冷，人们纷纷优先在家里生起了火。
7.比较级和否定词连用表示更高级意义
【误】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a good boss.
【正】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a better boss.
[解析] 此处是用比较级的形式表达更高级的含义，所以把good改为better。句意：为斯蒂文森先生工作太棒了，我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。
小编推荐：
爱智康高中教育频道分享的高考考前语法填空和短文改错易错点查漏补缺到这里就结束啦，有关高考其他问题，请直接拨打免费咨询电话：
有专业老师帮大家解答
相关文章推荐